The head will change as the capacity of the pump is altered. This maximum head is mainly determined by the outside diameter of the pump's impeller and the speed of the rotating shaft. If the discharge of a centrifugal pump is pointed straight up into the air the fluid will pumped to a certain height - or head - called the shut off head. The faster the impeller revolves or the bigger the impeller is, the higher will the velocity of the liquid energy transferred to the liquid be. The energy transferred to the liquid corresponds to the velocity at the edge or vane tip of the impeller. The energy from the pumps prime mover is transfered to kinetic energy according the Bernoulli Equation. The fluid accelerates radially outward from the pump chasing and a vacuum is created at the impellers eye that continuously draws more fluid into the pump. The most common is the volute pump - where fluid enters the pump through the eye of the impeller which rotates at high speed. A centrifugal pump converts input power to kinetic energy by accelerating liquid in a revolving device - an impeller.
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